Dallas W. Smythe " On the Audience Commodity and its Work" : 1981
Pierre Bourdieu " (i) Introduction (ii) The Aristocracy of Culture": 1984
Nicholas Garnham " Contribution to a Political Economy of Mass Communication" : 1986
Edward Herman and Noam Chomsky " A Propaganda Model" : 1988
Leslie Shannon Miller " The Many Figures of Eve: Styles of Womanhood Embodied in a Late-Nineteenth-Century Corset" : 1990
Herbert I. Shiller " Not Yet the Post-Imperialist Era" : 1991
Steven Lubar "Machine Politics: The Political Construction of Technological Artifacts" : 1993
Robert W. Bagley " Replication TEchniques in Eastern Zhou Bronze Casting" : 1993
Jeffrey Collins "In Vino Vanitas? Death and the Cellarette in Empire New York" : 1996
Pierre Bourdieu " On Television" : 1998
Robyn Asleson " Seduced by an Old Flame: Paradox and Illusion in a Late-Twentieth-Century Lucite Lighter" :1999
Eileen Meehan " Gendering the Commodity Audience: Critical Media Research, Feminism, and Political Economy" :2002
Smythe: Any type of program that is put on any form of media will influence the audience in some way.
Bourdieu (1): Class dictates what the habits of your culture are. Class - Culture/ Culture- Class.
Garnham: Connect the media and culture by understanding the economics behind it.
Herman/Chomsky: The five filters dictate what and how the audience experiences media.
Miller: Society deemed the corset necessary for women as a symbol of their femininity and cultural status in the late 1800s, yet this symbol is lost on todays cultural ideals.
Shiller: Globalization of the market leads to hegemony instead of diversity.
Lubar: Machines/Technology -Culture/ Culture - Machines/Technology.
Bagley: Differences in values, labor, techniques based upon economic and cultural influences.
Collins: Cellarette in the 1800s was a symbol for high class and society members to reinforce their cultural ideals, these ideals are lost on todays society.
Bourdieu (2): Journalists - Masses Demands/ Demands of the Masses - Journalists.
Asleson: The lighter as a mediate image to remind the user of subconscious American cultural ideals, such as tobacco and Hollywood.
Meehan: Media as an an advertising outlet focuses on the young, white males as the primary audience which introduces an unspoken bias.
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